Mattermost — Open Source Slack Alternative for Team Collaboration

What Mattermost Does

• Messaging: Channels (public/private), direct messages, group messages, threads
• Voice & Video: Built-in voice and video calls with screen sharing
• Playbooks: Structured workflows for incident response, onboarding, and release processes
• File Sharing: Drag-and-drop file uploads with preview and search
• Integrations: 200+ integrations via webhooks, slash commands, and plugins
• Search: Full-text search across all messages, files, and channels
• Compliance: Message retention, compliance exports, eDiscovery, and audit logs
• Mobile: Native iOS and Android apps with push notifications
• SSO: SAML, OAuth 2.0, LDAP/AD, and GitLab authentication

Architecture

┌──────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐
│ Web / Desktop│────▶│  Mattermost  │────▶│  PostgreSQL  │
│ / Mobile App │     │  Server (Go) │     │  (Data)      │
└──────────────┘     └──────┬───────┘     └──────────────┘
                            │
              ┌─────────────┼─────────────┐
              │             │             │
       ┌──────┴──┐   ┌─────┴───┐   ┌─────┴───┐
       │  MinIO  │   │ Elastic │   │  SMTP   │
       │ (Files) │   │ (Search)│   │ (Email) │
       └─────────┘   └─────────┘   └─────────┘

Self-Hosting

Docker Compose

services:
  mattermost:
    image: mattermost/mattermost-team-edition:latest
    ports:
      - "8065:8065"
    environment:
      MM_SQLSETTINGS_DRIVERNAME: postgres
      MM_SQLSETTINGS_DATASOURCE: postgres://mmuser:mmpass@db:5432/mattermost?sslmode=disable
      MM_SERVICESETTINGS_SITEURL: http://localhost:8065
    depends_on:
      - db
    volumes:
      - mm-config:/mattermost/config
      - mm-data:/mattermost/data
      - mm-logs:/mattermost/logs
      - mm-plugins:/mattermost/plugins

  db:
    image: postgres:16-alpine
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: mmuser
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: mmpass
      POSTGRES_DB: mattermost
    volumes:
      - pg-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data

volumes:
  mm-config:
  mm-data:
  mm-logs:
  mm-plugins:
  pg-data:

Key Features

Channels & Organization

Team: Engineering
├── #general — Team-wide announcements
├── #frontend — Frontend discussions
├── #backend — Backend discussions
├── #incidents — Active incident coordination
├── #standup — Daily standups (bot-assisted)
└── Private: #leadership — Management only

Playbooks (Workflows)

Pre-built workflows for repeatable processes:

Incident Response Playbook:
  1. Create incident channel (auto)
  2. Assign commander and communications lead
  3. Checklist: Assess severity, notify stakeholders
  4. Status updates every 30 min (reminder bot)
  5. Retrospective template (post-incident)
  6. Archive and timeline export

Release Playbook:
  1. Create release channel
  2. Feature freeze checklist
  3. QA sign-off tasks
  4. Deploy steps with verification
  5. Rollback procedures
  6. Post-release monitoring

Integrations

DevOps:
├── GitHub / GitLab — PR notifications, issue updates
├── Jira — Ticket creation from messages
├── Jenkins / CircleCI — Build notifications
├── PagerDuty — Incident alerts in channels
└── Grafana / Prometheus — Alert forwarding

Productivity:
├── Zoom / Jitsi — Video call integration
├── Google Calendar — Meeting reminders
├── Trello / Asana — Task management
├── Confluence — Doc link previews
└── Custom Webhooks — Any service

Slash Commands

/jira create [summary] — Create Jira ticket
/github subscribe owner/repo — Get PR/issue notifications
/zoom start — Start a Zoom meeting
/poll "Question" "Option 1" "Option 2" — Create a poll
/standup — Post daily standup update

Bot & API

# Post a message via webhook
curl -X POST http://localhost:8065/hooks/your-webhook-id 
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" 
  -d '{"text": "Build #123 passed ✅", "channel": "ci-notifications"}'

# REST API
curl http://localhost:8065/api/v4/users/me 
  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_TOKEN"

Mattermost vs Alternatives

常见问题

Q: Mattermost Team Edition 和 Enterprise Edition 区别？ A: Team Edition 是完全免费开源的，包含核心消息、频道、文件共享、Playbooks 和集成功能。Enterprise Edition 增加了高可用、合规导出、SAML SSO、AD/LDAP 群组同步等企业功能。

Q: 可以从 Slack 迁移吗？ A: 可以。Mattermost 提供 Slack 导入工具，支持导入频道、消息历史、用户和文件。用户体验和快捷键也与 Slack 高度相似，团队切换成本低。

Q: 对服务器要求？ A: 50 用户以内：2 核 4GB RAM。200 用户以内：4 核 8GB。大规模部署建议使用高可用集群配置。

来源与致谢

• GitHub: mattermost/mattermost — 36.1K+ ⭐
• 官网: mattermost.com