Exécuter des LLM en local — 9 outils self-hosted comparés (Ollama, vLLM, llama.cpp, MLX et plus)

Ollama — Run LLMs Locally with One Command (2026 Guide)

Ollama is the most popular way to run large language models locally. A single CLI downloads, quantizes, and serves models with an OpenAI-compatible API — the easiest on-ramp to self-hosted AI in 2026.

LM Studio — Desktop GUI for Local LLMs (Windows, Mac, Linux)

LM Studio is the leading desktop GUI for running LLMs locally — built-in model browser, OpenAI-compatible local server, and polished Windows/Mac/Linux experience. The easiest way in for non-terminal users.

LocalAI — Drop-in OpenAI API for Your Own Hardware

LocalAI is an open-source drop-in replacement for the OpenAI API — runs LLMs, embeddings, image, audio, and vision models locally with a single Docker container. Multi-backend, multi-modal, production-grade.

vLLM — High-Throughput GPU Inference Server (Production Scale)

vLLM is the open-source inference engine for serving LLMs at scale. PagedAttention, continuous batching, and prefix caching make it the highest-throughput option for production multi-user serving on GPU hardware.

llama.cpp — The C++ Engine Under Ollama, LM Studio, and Most Local LLMs

llama.cpp is Georgi Gerganov’s MIT-licensed C++ implementation of Llama-family inference — the engine most local LLM tools build on. Supports CPU, CUDA, ROCm, Metal, Vulkan, and aggressive quantization for any hardware.

text-generation-webui (oobabooga) — Swiss-Army Local LLM UI

text-generation-webui is the Gradio-based multi-loader UI that researchers reach for when they need everything — multiple backends, LoRA training, quantization experiments, extensions, and a familiar chat UI in one package.

Jan — Open-source ChatGPT Alternative That Runs Offline

Jan is an MIT-licensed desktop app that runs LLMs locally with a ChatGPT-like experience. Built-in model hub, assistants, extensions, and a local OpenAI-compatible server — the OSS alternative to LM Studio.

GPT4All — Privacy-First Desktop LLM App by Nomic AI

GPT4All is an open-source desktop app focused on running LLMs privately on CPUs — no GPU required, no telemetry, clean chat UI, and a local vector DB for your documents. Maintained by Nomic AI.

MLX — Apple’s Machine Learning Framework for Apple Silicon

MLX is Apple’s open-source ML framework designed specifically for Apple Silicon’s unified memory architecture. MLX-LM gives you the fastest LLM inference available on M-series Macs.