Scripts2026年4月12日·1 分钟阅读

Starlette — The Little ASGI Framework That Shines

Starlette is a lightweight ASGI framework for building async web services in Python. It is the foundation that FastAPI is built on top of. Provides routing, middleware, WebSocket, GraphQL, background tasks, and streaming responses.

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快速使用

先拿来用，再决定要不要深挖

这里应该同时让用户和 Agent 知道第一步该复制什么、安装什么、落到哪里。

pip install starlette uvicorn
from starlette.applications import Starlette
from starlette.routing import Route
from starlette.responses import JSONResponse
import uvicorn

async def list_assets(request):
    return JSONResponse([{"repo": "react", "stars": 230000}])

async def create_asset(request):
    data = await request.json()
    return JSONResponse(data, status_code=201)

app = Starlette(routes=[
    Route("/api/assets", list_assets, methods=["GET"]),
    Route("/api/assets", create_asset, methods=["POST"]),
])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    uvicorn.run(app, host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)
介绍

Starlette is a lightweight ASGI framework/toolkit for building async web services in Python. Created by Tom Christie (also creator of Django REST Framework), Starlette is the foundation that FastAPI is built on top of. It provides routing, middleware, WebSocket, GraphQL (via ariadne/strawberry), background tasks, streaming responses, and test client.

What Starlette Does

  • ASGI — fully async, works with uvicorn, hypercorn, daphne
  • Routing — path parameters, Mount for sub-apps
  • Middleware — CORS, GZip, HTTPS redirect, Trusted Host
  • WebSocket — native support
  • Background tasks — fire-and-forget after response
  • Streaming — StreamingResponse for large files
  • Static files — StaticFiles mount
  • Test client — httpx-based test client
  • Event handlers — startup/shutdown lifecycle

Comparison

Framework Level Validation
Starlette Low-level ASGI Manual
FastAPI High-level (on Starlette) Pydantic
Litestar High-level ASGI msgspec/Pydantic
Django Full-stack WSGI/ASGI Django forms

常见问题 FAQ

Q: Starlette vs FastAPI？ A: FastAPI 就是 Starlette + Pydantic + OpenAPI 自动生成。需要更多控制或更轻量选 Starlette，需要自动文档和验证选 FastAPI。

来源与致谢 Sources

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