Scripts2026年4月12日·1 分钟阅读

Laravel — The PHP Framework for Web Artisans

Laravel is an expressive, elegant PHP web framework. Provides routing, Eloquent ORM, Blade templates, queues, events, broadcasting, and a rich ecosystem (Forge, Vapor, Nova, Livewire). The most popular PHP framework by a wide margin.

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快速使用

先拿来用，再决定要不要深挖

这里应该同时让用户和 Agent 知道第一步该复制什么、安装什么、落到哪里。

composer create-project laravel/laravel my-app
cd my-app
php artisan serve
# Visit http://localhost:8000
php artisan make:model Asset -mcr
# Creates: Model, Migration, Controller (resource)
// database/migrations/xxxx_create_assets_table.php
public function up(): void
{
    Schema::create("assets", function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->id();
        $table->string("repo")->unique();
        $table->integer("stars")->default(0);
        $table->text("description")->nullable();
        $table->timestamps();
    });
}
// app/Models/Asset.php
class Asset extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ["repo", "stars", "description"];
}
// routes/api.php
Route::get("/assets", function () {
    return Asset::orderByDesc("stars")->limit(10)->get();
});
php artisan migrate
php artisan tinker
> Asset::create(["repo" => "react", "stars" => 230000]);
介绍

Laravel is the most popular PHP framework, created by Taylor Otwell in 2011. Its philosophy: web development should be an enjoyable, creative experience. Laravel provides an expressive, elegant syntax with a comprehensive ecosystem: Eloquent ORM, Blade templates, queues, events, broadcasting, Forge (server management), Vapor (serverless), and Livewire (reactive UI without JS).

What Laravel Does

  • Routing — expressive route definitions
  • Eloquent ORM — ActiveRecord pattern, relationships, scopes
  • Blade templates — lightweight, compiled template engine
  • Artisan CLI — code generation, migrations, tinker REPL
  • Queues — Redis, SQS, database queue drivers
  • Events and broadcasting — event-driven + WebSocket (Reverb)
  • Auth — sessions, API tokens (Sanctum), OAuth (Passport)
  • Livewire — reactive frontend components in PHP
  • Testing — PHPUnit + Pest integration
  • Inertia.js — SPA without building an API

Architecture

MVC: Models (Eloquent), Views (Blade), Controllers. Service container provides IoC/DI. Facades wrap services for static-like syntax. Middleware pipeline for request/response processing. SOLID principles and PSR standards throughout.

Self-Hosting

# Production on Linux + Nginx
composer install --optimize-autoloader --no-dev
php artisan config:cache
php artisan route:cache
php artisan view:cache

Or use Laravel Forge (automated server provisioning) or Vapor (serverless on AWS Lambda).

Key Features

  • Eloquent ORM
  • Blade templates
  • Artisan CLI
  • Queue system
  • Broadcasting (Reverb WebSocket)
  • Sanctum API auth
  • Livewire for reactive UI
  • Inertia.js for modern SPAs
  • Pest testing framework
  • Laravel Forge and Vapor ecosystem

Comparison

Framework Language Style Ecosystem
Laravel PHP Elegant, batteries Largest PHP
Symfony PHP Components, enterprise Large
Django Python Batteries-included Large
Rails Ruby Convention > config Large
NestJS TypeScript Angular-inspired Large
Spring Boot Java Enterprise Largest Java

常见问题 FAQ

Q: Laravel vs Symfony？ A: Laravel 更 opinionated、开发速度快、DX 好；Symfony 更 modular、企业级、可重用组件（实际上 Laravel 底层用了很多 Symfony 组件）。

Q: Livewire 替代 React？ A: 对中等交互性的应用可以。Livewire 用 PHP 写响应式 UI，省去前后端分离。超复杂交互仍然建议 React/Vue + Inertia。

Q: 性能问题？ A: PHP 8.3 + OPcache + Route/Config cache + Octane (Swoole/Franken) 后性能不输 Node.js。

来源与致谢 Sources

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