1Panel — Self-Hosted Linux Server Management Panel

Introduction

1Panel is an open-source, modern Linux server management panel built with Go and Vue 3. It provides a web-based interface for managing Docker containers, websites, databases, cron jobs, and system security on any Linux server without deep command-line expertise.

What 1Panel Does

• Manages Docker containers and Compose stacks through a visual interface
• Provisions and configures websites with automatic SSL via Let's Encrypt
• Handles database creation and backups for MySQL, PostgreSQL, Redis, and more
• Provides a built-in app store with one-click installs for popular self-hosted software
• Monitors server resources (CPU, RAM, disk, network) with real-time dashboards

Architecture Overview

1Panel is a single Go binary serving a Vue 3 frontend. It communicates with the Docker daemon locally to orchestrate containers, uses OpenResty as the reverse proxy for hosted sites, and stores its own metadata in a local SQLite database. The lightweight design means minimal overhead on the host system.

Self-Hosting & Configuration

• Supported on major Linux distributions (Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS, Rocky)
• Runs as a systemd service; default port is configurable during install
• All managed data stored under /opt/1panel by default
• Multi-user access with role-based permissions
• Automatic backups can target local, S3-compatible, or SFTP destinations

Key Features

• Docker-first: every app runs containerized, keeping the host clean
• Built-in firewall management with fail2ban integration
• App Store with 100+ community-maintained packages
• Host file editor and terminal access from the browser
• Internationalized UI with English and Chinese support

Comparison with Similar Tools

• CasaOS — simpler dashboard focused on home use; 1Panel targets full server administration
• Cockpit — Red Hat's modular server UI; less Docker-centric
• Portainer — container-only management; 1Panel also covers websites, DNS, and system ops
• cPanel/Plesk — commercial panels; 1Panel is fully open source and free
• Webmin — legacy Perl-based admin; 1Panel offers a modern UX

FAQ

Q: Does 1Panel support ARM architectures? A: Yes, official builds are available for both amd64 and arm64 Linux systems.

Q: Can I migrate existing Docker containers into 1Panel? A: 1Panel can detect and import running containers that were created outside its app store.

Q: Is there a built-in backup scheduler? A: Yes, you can schedule full or incremental backups to local storage, S3, or remote SFTP targets.

Q: Does it support multiple domains and SSL certificates? A: Yes, the website module handles virtual hosts and automates certificate issuance and renewal via ACME.

Sources

• https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel
• https://1panel.hk/docs/